Low Temperature Battery
What is a Low-Temperature Battery?
Standard lithium-ion batteries perform poorly in the cold: internal resistance rises as temperature falls, so charging slows and available capacity drops. (In fact, most Li-ion packs cannot be charged below 0 °C without risking lithium plating.) A low-temperature battery is engineered to overcome these issues. Such batteries use special electrolytes and materials so they can discharge and often even charge at subzero temperatures. For example, most “civil-grade” low-temp cells are specified to retain >90% capacity at –20 °C and >85% at –30 °C (at 0.2C discharge). Specialized low-temp cells guarantee >80% capacity at –40 °C, and “extreme” versions still deliver ~50% at –50 °C.
Low Temperature Battery Key Features
Cold Discharge Performance
Even at sub-zero temperatures, true low-temperature batteries maintain high discharge capacity. For example, at –30 °C, a typical pack may drop to ~15.8%, while a low-temp model retains ~78.8% capacity.
Cold Charging Capability
Many low-temp Li-ion batteries can charge in sub-zero environments, often down to –20 °C. Some use internal heating (e.g. RELiON’s LT Series) that draws power from the charger to pre-warm the cells.
Application Advantages
Low-temp batteries sustain voltage and power in freezing environments. For example, LiFePO₄ cells deliver ~70% capacity at –18 °C, compared to ~45% for lead-acid batteries in the same conditions.
Discharge voltage curves at –30 °C for a low-temperature battery (blue) vs. a standard cell (red). The low-temp design maintains higher voltage and nearly 5× the capacity of the common cell.
Products and Custom Solutions
Large Power offers both off-the-shelf and custom low-temperature battery solutions in various form factors. We have standard cylindrical cells (e.g. 18650/21700 Li-ion), prismatic modules, and pouch-pack assemblies rated for extreme-cold operation.
Cylindrical Cells
High-capacity 18650 cells (2800–3500 mAh, 3.6–3.7V) rated for –40 °C discharge. Our INR18650L-2800 model operates from –40 °C to +55 °C and supports high current output.
Prismatic & Pouch Modules
We assemble multi-cell prismatic and pouch packs (e.g., 2S, 3S, etc.) using the same low-temp chemistry to ensure reliable performance across wide temperature ranges.
Custom Battery Packs
Need a tailored solution? We engineer custom low-temperature lithium-ion packs with adjustable cell count, capacity, BMS, and heating functions to meet your exact requirements.
Large Power – Low Temperature Battery Solutions
Large Power’s advanced low-temperature batteries use specialized NCM (nickel-cobalt-manganese) and LiFePO₄ chemistries to deliver reliable power in extreme cold. For example, our cells can sustain a continuous 5C discharge rate at –40 °C while retaining over 80% of their rated capacity, and still retain over 75% capacity at –50 °C. This ultra-low-temperature performance means our batteries can operate in environments down to –50 °C (and charge to –20 °C). In practice this high-discharge, low-temperature design makes Large Power’s packs ideal when you need a battery for low temperature use. Key features include:
- High Cold-Temp Discharge:Cells support 5C discharge at –40 °C (over 80% capacity) and –50 °C (over 75% capacity).
- Wide Operating Range:Many off-the-shelf cells (e.g. cylindrical 18650s) are rated –40 °C to +55 °C, as shown on the cell label.
- Durable Chemistries:We leverage both NCM and LiFePO₄ systems. LiFePO₄ in particular maintains higher cold-capacity than lead-acid (about 70% at –18 °C versus ~45% for SLA).
Our low-temperature battery solutions are aimed at B2B and OEM customers who need reliable power in cold climates. Typical customers include:
- Battery Pack Manufacturers & OEMs:Companies assembling battery modules for cold-climate use (e.g. power tools, electric vehicles, industrial robots, and backup systems). These engineers choose our low-temp cells to build packs that will function outdoors in winter.
- End-Product Manufacturers:OEMs of e-bikes, scooters, drones, medical devices, surveillance cameras, and other equipment that must operate in subzero temperatures. They integrate Large Power’s cells or packs into their products to ensure cold-weather performance.
Whether you’re a pack integrator or a machine designer, Large Power’s cold-weather batteries provide the performance needed for extreme environments.
Why Choose Low Temperature Batteries for Your Business?
Stable Power Supply for Extreme Cold Environments and Mission-Critical Operations
Low temperature lithium batteries are specifically designed to perform reliably in freezing environments where standard lithium-ion batteries lose capacity, voltage stability, or fail altogether. Built with optimized electrolytes, special electrode materials, and cold-resistant structures, these batteries maintain functionality down to –40°C or lower. They are ideal for polar expeditions, military field gear, cold-chain transportation, aerospace modules, and outdoor emergency systems.
Reliable Operation in –40°C and Below
Our low temperature lithium batteries are engineered to deliver power in ultra-cold environments without voltage collapse. They retain over 70% capacity at –30°C and can operate effectively at –40°C, ensuring continued functionality in polar, high-altitude, and winter disaster response scenarios.
Stable Discharge and Safe Performance in Cold Conditions
Modified electrolytes and advanced anode/cathode materials allow for stable discharge curves, low internal resistance, and safe chemical behavior even under rapid temperature drops. Integrated PCM/BMS systems further protect against cold-induced overcurrent or undervoltage faults.
Rapid Recovery and Charging Adaptability
Our batteries support low-temperature charging or rapid recovery in transitional climates, enabling flexible use in mobile outdoor equipment or temperature-fluctuating environments such as aircraft cabins, container yards, or winter field stations.
OEM/ODM Flexibility for Field-Ready Integration
We offer custom low temperature battery packs in cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch cell formats, with optional insulation layers, waterproof enclosures, heaters, and intelligent communication protocols. All models meet international transport and safety standards including UN38.3, CE, RoHS, MSDS, and IEC62133.
Low Temperature Battery Applications
Our Low Temperature Battery solutions are purpose-built to deliver stable performance in extreme cold environments, operating efficiently in temperatures as low as -40°C and beyond. Utilizing advanced electrolyte formulations, customized cell chemistry, and intelligent thermal control, these batteries provide reliable power for critical systems deployed in arctic, high-altitude, or cold-chain settings. Whether you’re managing outdoor equipment, defense logistics, or energy storage in winter climates, our batteries ensure performance where standard cells fail.
Underwater ROVs and subsea sensors that operate in near-freezing ocean depths.
Avionics and UAV systems used in cold aviation environments.
Scientific probes, communication gear, and weather stations deployed in polar regions.
Oil & gas field instrumentation, security surveillance, or defense electronics exposed to extreme cold.
Low Temperature Battery Solutions for Cold Climate Applications
Looking for efficient power solutions without long lead times? Our Low Temperature Battery series is designed for businesses that require reliable performance, safety, and durability in sub-zero environments.
As a professional battery manufacturer, we ensure reliable supply, competitive pricing, and expert technical support. Whether you need samples for evaluation or bulk procurement for mass production, we are ready to support your business.
Submit your application requirements now, and our team will match you with the right battery solution efficiently.
Low Temperature Lithium Battery – FAQ
What is a low temperature lithium battery?
A low temperature lithium battery is a specially developed battery designed to operate efficiently in sub-zero environments. It overcomes the limitations of traditional lithium batteries through advanced materials, proprietary electrolyte systems, and robust structural designs.
What is the operating temperature range of your batteries?
Our batteries operate stably in environments ranging from -40°C to +55°C. Certain models are tested for discharge performance down to -50°C.
What is the discharge capacity at extreme low temperatures?
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At -40°C, the 0.2C discharge capacity is ≥90%
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At -50°C, the 0.2C discharge capacity is ≥75%
These figures represent reliable performance far beyond standard lithium batteries.
Can the battery be charged at low temperatures?
Yes, our batteries support charging at -20°C and discharging at -40°C, meeting the requirements of low-temperature systems with both input and output needs.
How does the battery perform under high-rate discharge in cold environments?
At -40°C, the battery can perform 5C continuous discharge with ≥80% capacity retention, ensuring high power output in harsh conditions.
What is the energy density of the battery?
Our low temperature lithium batteries offer a high energy density of 220~240 Wh/kg, combining excellent low-temperature performance with lightweight design.
Are the batteries safe under extreme conditions?
Yes. Our batteries undergo strict safety testing, including:
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Over-acupuncture tests
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Heavy impact and crush tests
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Thermal abuse and short-circuit simulations
These ensure safe operation even in challenging field conditions.
What certifications do the batteries have?
Our products comply with major international standards, including:
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UN38.3 – Transport safety certification
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IEC62133 – Battery safety certification for portable devices
What applications are your low temperature batteries used in?
They are widely used in:
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Polar exploration equipment
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Winter surveillance and security systems
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Cold-chain logistics and monitoring
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High-altitude communication terminals
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Military and aerospace backup power systems
What battery formats are available?
We offer:
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Cylindrical cells (e.g., 18650, 21700)
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Pouch cells
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Customized modular battery packs
All formats support easy integration and plug-and-play deployment.
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